This is an introductory course in astrophysics. We start with general preliminaries: selected issues from theoretical mechanics -- for example Kepler's laws, classical electrodynamics and optics (Stokes' parameters), and hydrodynamics. You can download some further notes concerning this part of the lecture (gzipped PostScript, uncompressed PostScript, PDF; all in Czech only). After introduction we continue with more astronomical topics. Minor modifications of the second part are possible, according to students'interests and new discoveries in astronomy.